The U. S. Jockey Club established The Equine Injury Database in 2008. It now has over four years’ worth of evidence from approximately 94 racetracks. About 30 of these contribute statistics derived from veterinarian reports pertaining to “…Thoroughbreds that succumbed to a race-related injury within 72 hours after the race day.”
Statistical analyses of over 1.5 million race starts in the past four calendar years, by epidemiologist and veterinarian Tim Parkin, found that the fatality rate per-thousand starts remained fairly consistent. The mortality rate was 2.00 in 2009, 1.88 in 2010, 1.88 in 2011, and 1.92 in 2012. But substantive differences emerged when the type of track surface was considered.
The average fatality rate per-thousand starts over the four-year period was 2.08 for dirt, 1.71 for turf, and 1.21 for synthetic. Significantly, the fatality rate for the synthetic alternative decreased from 1.49 in 2009 to 1.03 in 2012, or by an impressive 31%, whereas the fatality rate for dirt in 2012 was exactly the same as it was in 2009 at 2.10.
When these sterile facts are translated into what they mean for the safety of thousands of flesh-and-blood horses and their riders, the demonstrated superiority of the synthetic surface is even more compelling. Based on 2012 data, horses were over twice as likely to suffer injuries and die when racing on dirt vis-à-vis a synthetic surface. This suggests that if most American racetracks were converted to a synthetic surface, the number of racing-caused horse deaths would plummet.
If the premise is accepted that the well-being of jockeys and their mounts is paramount, then the corollary must be that races should be run on the safest sort of track surface available. Yet a sizeable majority of the 211,539 races run from 2009-2012 in North America were on dirt, the most hazardous.
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